How the Brain Works

The word hemisphere means half of a sphere, relating to the brains the word hemisphere means one of the two halves of the brain left or right hemisphere. The major differences of the hemispheres i the brain are what they control, the left brain is analytical and controls the right side of the body, the right brain is creative and imaginative and controls the left side of the body. Corpus collasum is a wide flat bundle of about 200 million nerves that allows the two hemispheres of the brain to connect. Pierre Paul Broca was a French physician, anatomist, and anthropologist. He was born in Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, Gironde, France the 28 of June, 1824.  He studied the ventroposterior region of the frontal lobes in aphasic pacients. The patient he first studied was Leborgne, which had inability to speak clearly. In 1861, through post-mortem autopsy, Broca determined that Leborgne had a lesion caused by syphilis in the left hemisphere. Due to his observations he concluded the ventroposterior region of the frontal lobes (now known as Broca's area), was responsible for speech production and syntactic skills. He died July 9, 1880. Roger Sperry was a neuropsychologist,neurobiologist born in Hartford, Connecticut in 1913, he died during the year of 1994. He won a nobel prize together with David Hubel for their work in split-brain research. Roger Sperry examined ten pacients operated due to epilepsy and determined that the two hemispheres of the brain are totally separated from the one another. Karl Wernicke was born a 15 of May of 1884 in Poland, he later died a 15 of june of 1905 Wernicke began researching  the effects of brain disease on speech and language. Wernicke noticed that language deficits were not always because of damage to Broca's area. He found that damage to the left-posterior, superior temporal gyrus resulted in bad language comprehension. This region is now known as Wernicke's area, and the result of damage in this area is known as Wernicke's aphasia. The occipital lobe is responsible for vision. Temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and Broca's area, Wernicke's area at the junction of the partiety, temporal, and occipital lobes in the left hemisphere are responsible for language planning and understanding. The frontal lobe is responsible for problem solving such as math calculations, it is also responsible for emotions, reasoning, planning, movement, creativity, planning and parts of speech. Judgement is also linked to the frontal lobe. The Cerebral Cortex is responsible for reasoning, and the back edge of frontal lobes is responsible for impulse.

http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~bbrown/psyc1501/brain/loclat.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_callosum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Wolcott_Sperry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Broca
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Wernicke
http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~bbrown/psyc1501/brain/loclat.htm
http://library.thinkquest.org/J002391/functions.html